Syllabus (PHYSICS)

Course Type: MAJ-17

Semester: 8

Course Code: BPHSMAJ17C

Course Title: Electronics II

(L-P-Tu): 4-2-0

Credit: 6

Practical/Theory: Combined

Course Objective: This course provides a comprehensive understanding of semiconductor physics and devices, including p–n junctions, MOS structures, optoelectronic devices, and special-purpose diodes. It introduces students to L–C filters, transmission line theory, and communication systems with different modulation and detection techniques. The course also covers oscillator circuits, operational amplifier applications, active filters, data conversion circuits, and digital electronics involving logic design, flip-flops, counters, and registers. Additionally, students will learn about multivibrators and timer IC applications. By integrating device physics, analog and digital circuit design, and communication principles, the course equips students with both theoretical knowledge and practical skills in modern electronics.

Learning Outcome: This course provides a comprehensive understanding of semiconductor physics and devices, including p–n junctions, MOS structures, optoelectronic devices, and special-purpose diodes. It introduces students to L–C filters, transmission line theory, and communication systems with different modulation and detection techniques. The course also covers oscillator circuits, operational amplifier applications, active filters, data conversion circuits, and digital electronics involving logic design, flip-flops, counters, and registers. Additionally, students will learn about multivibrators and timer IC applications. By integrating device physics, analog and digital circuit design, and communication principles, the course equips students with both theoretical knowledge and practical skills in modern electronics.

Electronics II (6 Credits)

Course Objective:

This course provides a comprehensive understanding of semiconductor physics and devices, including p–n junctions, MOS structures, optoelectronic devices, and special-purpose diodes. It introduces students to L–C filters, transmission line theory, and communication systems with different modulation and detection techniques. The course also covers oscillator circuits, operational amplifier applications, active filters, data conversion circuits, and digital electronics involving logic design, flip-flops, counters, and registers. Additionally, students will learn about multivibrators and timer IC applications. By integrating device physics, analog and digital circuit design, and communication principles, the course equips students with both theoretical knowledge and practical skills in modern electronics.

Theory (4 Credits)

Semiconductor Physics and Devices

Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductor, energy band diagram, carrier concentration in both cases. p-n junction physics, Thermal equilibrium condition, Depletion capacitance, Current-voltage characteristics, Charge storage and transient behaviour; Metal semiconductor junction (Schottky barriers). Characteristics of some semiconductor devices: MOS devices, Photodiode, LED, Solar cell, Tunnel diode, Gunn diode. (10 Lectures)

L-C Filters

LPF, HPF, BPF and BRF type constant-k prototype filters. m-derived filters (principle only). Attenuators. T-type, Pi-type, Bridged-T type lattice attenuators. (7 Lectures)

High Frequency Transmission Line

Distributed parameters. Primary and secondary line constants; Telegraphers’ equation. Reflection coefficient and VSWR. Input impedance of loss-less line. Distortionless line. (6 Lectures)

Communications

Comparison among different modulation techniques. Generation of transmitted carrier and suppressed carrier type AM signals. Principles of FM and PM signal generation. Principles of detection of different types of modulated signals (TC and SC types). Modulation techniques in some practical communication systems. VSB modulation. Pulse modulation, Pulse code modulation and quantization error. (9 Lectures)

Oscillators

Positive feedback and its comparison with negative feedback, conditions of oscillations, Barkhausen criterion, Tuned collector oscillator, Hartley and Colpit oscillator. (5 Lectures)

Op-Amp Circuits

Characteristics of ideal and practical op-amp. Nonlinear amplifiers using op-amps. Log amplifier, anti-log amplifier, regenerative comparators. Active filters. ADC and DAC circuits. Op-amp based self-oscillator circuits. RC phase shift, Wien bridge, Non-sinusoidal oscillators. (10 Lectures)

Digital Circuits

Logic functions. Logic simplification using Karnaugh maps. SOP and POS design of logic circuits. MUX - DEMUX as universal building block. RS, JK and MS-JK flip-flops. Registers and counters. (9 Lectures)

Multivibrators

Timer (IC-555): Internal Structure (Block Diagram), Operation, Astable, Monostable, and Applications. (4 Lectures)

Practicals (2 Credits)

List of Practicals (Any six)

1. Study of OPAMP (IC 741) characteristics and its use as an inverting amplifier, non-inverting amplifier, adder and differential amplifier.
2. To study LED characteristics.
3. To design high pass and band pass filters.
4. Design and study of logarithmic and anti-logarithmic amplifiers.
5. To study and design different comparator circuits.
6. To design MSJK type flip flop
7. To design a Wien-Bridge oscillator using OPAMP.
8. To design an Astable multivibrator using IC555 timer.
9. Construction of a DAC circuit.

Reading References

Theory

1. Integrated Electronics, J. Millman and C.C. Halkias, Tata Mc-Graw Hill.
2. Electronic devices and circuit theory, R.L. Boylestad, L. Nashelsky, PHI, 11^th Edn
3. Electronics: Fundamentals and Applications, J.D. Ryder, Prentice Hall.
4. Solid State Electronic Devices, B.G. Streetman and S.K.Banerjee, PHI, 6^th Edn
5. Electronics Principle, Malvino and Bates, Tata Mc-GrawHill
6. OP-Amps and Linear Integrated Circuit, R. A. Gayakwad, PHI, 4^th Edn
7. Electronics Fundamental and Application: D. Chattopadhyay and P.C. Rakshi, New Age
8. Digital Principles and Applications, A.P. Malvino, D. P. Leach and Saha, 7^th Ed., Tata McGrawhill
9. Digital Fundamentals, T L Floyd, Pearson
10. Fundamentals of Digital Circuits, Anand Kumar, PHI, 2^nd Edn
11. Digital Circuits and Systems, Venugopal, Tata McGraw Hill.
12. Electronic Communications, D. Roddy and J. Coolen, Pearson.
13. Advanced Electronics Communication Systems, Tomasi, PHI. 6^th Edn,

Practical

1. Basic Electronics: A text lab manual, P.B. Zbar, A.P. Malvino, M.A. Miller, Mc-Graw Hill.
2. OpAmps for everyone, Mancini, Newnes pub.
3. Electronic Principle, Albert Malvino, Tata Mc-Graw Hill.
4. Electronic Devices & Circuit Theory, R.L. Boylestad & L.D. Nashelsky, Pearson
5. Modern Digital Electronics, R.P. Jain, Tata McGraw Hill, 4^th Edn