Syllabus (ZOOLOGY)

Course Type: ME-8

Semester: 7

Course Code: BZOOMEB47C

Course Title: Parasitology and Immunology, Biotechnology and Biostatistics

(L-P-Tu): 2-2-0

Credit: 4

Practical/Theory: Combined

Course Objective:

Learning Outcome: Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, students should be able to: 1.         Identify the different types of parasites. 2.         Classify parasites causing diseases to humans. 3.         Assess the reasons of infections

Parasitology and Immunology, Biotechnology and Biostatistics

Course Objectives:

This course is aimed to provide students with knowledge regarding parasitological terms, types of parasites and host parasite relationship. To provide students with knowledge concerning biological and epidemiological aspects of parasites causing diseases to humans. To enable students to understand the pathogenesis, clinical presentations and complications of parasitic diseases. To enable students to learn diagnosis and know the general outline of treatment, prevention and control of parasitic infections. To provide students with knowledge regarding basic idea of zoonosis and zoonotic diseases. To provide an adequate knowledge about the basic concepts of health and diseases. To provide students with knowledge regarding cells and organs of the immune system. To enable students to understand the innate and adaptive immunity. To provide students with knowledge about antigens and immunoglobulins. To enable students to understand the antigen-antibody interactions and monoclonal antibody production. To provide an adequate knowledge regarding vaccines and autoimmune diseases.

Advances in biotechnology now can track many inherited disorders. People may now live in considerably higher population densities due to biotechnology's ability to produce more food per acre. As a result of advance biotechnology, we now know more about genomes of a wide range of creatures. It is the most promising field that generates pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and treatments . This course is designed to flash the spotlight of Biotechnology on student to make them equipped with the modern science

Statistics is fundamental to experimental science, to prove or disprove or to establish meaningful interpretation of data. This course is designed to clear the basic fundamental idea regarding traditional and molecular taxonomy. In the portion of Biostatistics, the students will have an exposure on the basic statistical tools that are an essential part of modern biological research.

Group A

Parasitology and Immunology

Brief introduction of Parasitism, Parasite, Parasitoid and Vectors (mechanical and biological vector) Host parasite relationship

Study of Morphology, Life Cycle,Pathogenicity, Diagnosis, Prophylaxis and Treatment of Giardia intestinalis, Leishmania donovani

Parasitic Helminthes

Study of Morphology, Life Cycle, Pathogenicity, Diagnosis, Prophylaxis and Treatment of Ascaris lumbricoides, Ancylostoma duodenale, Wuchereria bancrofti,

Parasitic Arthropods

Biology, importance and control of ticks (Ixodes), Lice (Pediculus), and Bug (Cimex)

Basic concepts of health and diseases, Cells and organs of the Immune system

Innate and Adaptive Immunity

Antigenicity and immunogenicity, Immunogens, Adjuvants and haptens,

Immunoglobulins

Structure and functions of different classes of immunoglobulins, Antigen- antibody interactions, Monoclonal antibody production

Various types of vaccines. Active & passive immunization (Artificial and natural).

Reading References:

Arora, D. R and Arora, B.: Medical Parasitology. II Edition. CBS Publications and Distributors

E.R. Noble and G.A. Noble: Parasitology: The biology of animal parasites. V Edition, Lea & Febiger.

Ahmed, N., Dawson, M., Smith, C. and Wood, Ed.: Biology of Disease. Taylor and Francis Group

Parija, S. C. Textbook of medical parasitology, protozoology & helminthology (Text and colour Atlas), II Edition, All India Publishers & Distributers, Medical Books Publishers, Chennai, Delhi

Rattan Lal Ichhpujani and Rajesh Bhatia. Medical Parasitology, III Edition, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., New Delhi

Meyer, Olsen & Schmidt's Essentials of Parasitology, Murray, D. Dailey, W.C. Brown Publishers

K. D. Chatterjee: Parasitology: Protozoology and Helminthology. XIII Edition

Group B

Biotechnology and Biostatistics

Introduction

Concept and scope of Biotechnology. Organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome,

Biological tools and techniques

Microscope: Principle of optical and electron microscopies.

Principles and use of analytical instruments- Centrifugation, Spectrophotometer, P H Meter, Chromatography (Paper and TLC), Gel Electrophoresis (Agarose and SDS PAGE)

Molecular Techniques in Gene manipulation

Cloning vectors: Plasmids, Cosmids, Phagemids, Lambda Bacteriophage, M13, BAC, YAC, MAC and Expression vectors (characteristics). Restriction enzymes: Nomenclature, detailed study of Type II. Transformation techniques: Calcium chloride method and electroporation. Construction of genomic and cDNA libraries and screening by colony and plaque hybridization

Southern, Northern and Western blotting

DNA sequencing: Sanger method

Polymerase Chain Reaction, DNA Finger Printing and DNA micro array

Genetically Modified Organisms

Production of cloned and transgenic animals: Nuclear Transplantation, Retroviral Method, DNA microinjection. Applications of transgenic animals: Production of pharmaceuticals, production of donor organs, knock out mice.

Culture Techniques and Applications

Animal cell culture, Expressing cloned genes in mammalian cells, Molecular diagnosis of genetic diseases (Cystic fibrosis, Sickle cell anaemia).

Statistical approach to Biological sciences

Concept of data and distribution

Definition of data.

Concept of qualitative, quantitative, discrete, continuous data.

Probability and its use in Biological Sciences

General concept of probability.

The sum rule and the product rule.

Correlation, Regression and t Test

Practical- 2 Credits

Genomic DNA isolation from E. coli/Blood genomic through virtual demonstration

Plasmid DNA isolation (pUC 18/19) from E. coli through virtual demonstration

Construction of circular and linear restriction map from the data provided.

To study following techniques through virtual demonstration

1. 1. Southern Blotting
   2. Northern Blotting
   3. Western Blotting
   4. DNA Sequencing (Sanger's Method)
   5. PCR
   6. DNA fingerprinting

Project report on animal cell culture

Calculation of mean, median, mode, standard deviation, and standard error.

Construction of bar diagrams and pie diagrams using computer.

field generated data with application of t Test, mean, median, mode, standard deviation, and standard error

Reading References:

Brown, T.A.: Molecular Biology Labfax II: Gene Cloning and DNA Analysis. II Edition, Academic Press, California, USA.

Glick, B.R. and Pasternak, J.J.: Molecular Biotechnology - Principles and Applications of Recombinant DNA. IV Edition, ASM press, Washington, USA.

Weaver. Molecular Biology of Gene. 5th edition.

Primrose & Twyman. Principles of Gene Manipulation and Genomics. 7th edition.

Russell, P. J.: iGenetics- A Molecular Approach. III Edition. Benjamin Cummings

Environmental Biotechnology, Pradipta Kumar Mohapatra

Environmental Biotechnology – Concepts and Applications, HansJoachim Jordening and Jesef Winter

Wastewater Engineering – Metcalf & Eddy.

Biostatistical Analysis: N.G. Das. Mc Graw Hill Education.

Biostatistics: J. H. Zar. Pearson publication.

Theory and Methods of Statistics: P. K. Bhattacharyya. Academic Press.

Fundamentals of Biostatistics: V. B. Rastogi. ANE Books.

Biostatistics: A guide to design, analysis and discovery by Ronald Forthofer Eun Lee Mike Hernandez, Academic Press (Elsevier).