Syllabus (ZOOLOGY)

Course Type: MAJ-16

Semester: 8

Course Code: BZOOMAJ16C

Course Title: Biotechnology

(L-P-Tu): 2-2-0

Credit: 4

Practical/Theory: Combined

Course Objective:

Learning Outcome: Course Outcome: The key objective of this class is to provide fundamental knowledge about the structural and functional features of biological macromolecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins. After completion of this course the students will be able to use

Biotechnology

Theory=2 credits

Course Objective: Biotechnology has transformed the planet. Advances in biotechnology now can track many inherited disorders. People may now live in considerably higher population densities due to biotechnology's ability to produce more food per acre. As a result of advance biotechnology, we now know more about genomes of a wide range of creatures, from viruses to trees to people. Science has been shifted from a descriptive to a variety of fields that generate new items such as pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and meals thanks to the application of this knowledge. This course is designed to flash the spotlight of Biotechnology on student to make them equipped with the modern science

Biotechnology

Theory

Introduction

Concept and scope of Biotechnology. Organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome, Concept of genomics

Molecular Techniques in Gene manipulation

1. Cloning vectors: Plasmids, Cosmids, Phagemids, Lambda Bacteriophage, M13, BAC, YAC, MAC and Expression vectors (characteristics).Restriction enzymes: Nomenclature, detailed study of Type II. Transformation techniques: Calcium chloride method and electroporation. Construction of genomic and cDNA libraries and screening by colony and plaque hybridization
2. Southern, Northern and Western blotting
3. DNA sequencing: Sanger method
4. Polymerase Chain Reaction, DNA Finger Printing and DNA micro array

Genetically Modified Organisms

1. Production of cloned and transgenic animals: Nuclear Transplantation, Retroviral Method, DNA microinjection.
2. Applications of transgenic animals: Production of pharmaceuticals, production of donor organs, knock out mice.

Culture Techniques and Applications

Animal cell culture, Expressing cloned genes in mammalian cells, Molecular diagnosis of genetic diseases (Cystic fibrosis, Sickle cell anemia)

Environmental Biotechnology

1. Bioremediation-In situ and Ex situ Bioremediation, bioremediation of industrial waste (Paper and Pulp Industry), Bioremediation of Heavy metal, phytoremediation, emerging biotechnological processes in waste water treatment.
2. Biosensor; Type of Biosensor, Environmental industrial and clinical application

Intellectual Property Right and Management of Biotechnology

1. IPR- IPP, Forms of Protection, Patenting strategy, Copy right, Plant variety protection, WIPO, GATT, WTO. Role and regulation of Indian Patent.
2. Biosafety and Bioethics-Risk for Human health, Biosafety guideline and regulation

Practical 2 credits

1. Genomic DNA isolation from E. coli/Blood genomic through virtual demonstration
2. Plasmid DNA isolation (pUC 18/19) from E. coli through virtual demonstration
3. Restriction digestion of plasmid DNA.
4. Construction of circular and linear restriction map from the data provided.
5. Calculation of transformation efficiency from the data provided.
6. To study following techniques through virtual demonstration
   1. Southern Blotting
   2. Northern Blotting
   3. Western Blotting
   4. DNA Sequencing (Sanger's Method)
   5. PCR
   6. DNA fingerprinting
7. Project report on animal cell culture

Reading References:

1. Brown, T.A. (1998). Molecular Biology Labfax II: Gene Cloning and DNA Analysis. II Edition, Academic Press, California, USA.
2. Glick, B.R. and Pasternak, J.J. (2009). Molecular Biotechnology - Principles and Applications of Recombinant DNA. IV Edition, ASM press, Washington, USA.
3. Weaver. Molecular Biology of Gene. 5th edition.
   
4. Primrose & Twyman. Principles of Gene Manipulation and Genomics. 7th edition.
5. Russell, P. J. (2009). iGenetics- A Molecular Approach. III Edition. Benjamin Cummings
6. Environmental Biotechnology, Pradipta Kumar Mohapatra
7. Environmental Biotechnology – Concepts and Applications, HansJoachim Jordening and Jesef Winter
8. Wastewater Engineering – Metcalf & Eddy.