Syllabus (GEOLOGY)

Course Type: MAJ-10

Semester: 6

Course Code: BGELMAJ10C

Course Title: Economic Geology

(L-P-Tu): 4-2-0

Credit: 6

Practical/Theory: Combined

Course Objective: Objective is to introduce genesis of ores, natural fuels along with their mode of occurrence augmented with temporal and spatial relationship.

Learning Outcome: This will help students to apply their expertise to explore natural resource which enhances the applicability of the subject and makes the subject itself a viable career option.

Theory:

Unit I: Introduction to economic geology

1. Ores, gangue minerals, tenor, grade, and lodes

1. Resources and reserves

Unit II: Classical concepts of Ore formation and mineral deposits

1. Mineral occurrence, Mineral deposit, and Ore deposit

2. Metallogenic provinces and epochs

3. Orthomagmatic and magmatic hydrothermal process

4. Sedimentary processes; placer deposits

5. Metamorphic and hydrothermal process; skarn deposits

6. Supergene enrichment processes

7. Modern seafloor deposits and their genetic implications

Unit III: Structure and texture of ore deposit

1. Concordant and discordant ore bodies

2. Mode of occurrences of ore bodies; morphology and nature of ore mineralization

Unit IV: Mineral Exploration

1. Exploration, brief idea on different stages & methods of exploration

2. Assessment of ore grade and reserve, reserve estimation

Unit V: Fuels and Non-metallic minerals

1. Fossil fuels; basic concepts, genesis, exploration of coal and petroleum.

2. Uranium as a fuel.

3. Non-metallic and industrial rocks and minerals, in India.

List of practicals

1. Hand sample identification of common ores

2. Study of resource maps

Reference Books:

• Guilbert, J.M. and Park Jr., C.F. (1986) The Geology of Ore deposits. Freeman & Co.

• Bateman, A.M. and Jensen, M.L. (1990) Economic Mineral Deposits. John Wiley.

• Evans, A.M. (1993) Ore Geology and Industrial minerals. Wiley.

• Laurence Robb. (2005) Introduction to ore forming processes. Wiley.

• Gokhale, K.V.G.K. and Rao, T.C. (1978) Ore deposits of India their distribution and processing, Tata-McGraw Hill, New Delhi.

• Deb, S. (1980) Industrial minerals and rocks of India. Allied Publishers.

• Sarkar, S.C. and Gupta, A. (2014) Crustal Evolution and Metallogeny in India. Cambridge Publications.

• Mishra, K.C.(2000) Understanding Mineral Deposits. Springer