Syllabus (MICROBIOLOGY)

Course Type: MAJ-10

Semester: 6

Course Code: BMCBMAJ06T

Course Title: IMMUNOLOGY

(L-P-Tu): 4-2-0

Credit: 6

Practical/Theory: Combined

Course Objective: 1. To study the components of human immune system. 2. To study human defence mechanisms.

Learning Outcome: Upon successful completion of the course the candidate will be able to- 1. To understand how immune system works in human. 2. Gain hands on experience of detecting his or her own blood group, WIDAL test and immunoassay.

MAJOR COURSE 03

COURSE TITLE: IMMUNOLOGY(THEORY)

Total hours: 60 Credits: 4

Unit. Introduction to Immunology No. of hours:7

Concept of Innate and Adaptive immunity; Contributions of following scientists to the development of field of immunology - Edward Jenner, Karl Landsteiner, Robert Koch, Paul Ehrlich, Elie Metchnikoff and Susumu Tonegawa.

Unit 2. Immune Cells and Organs No. of hours:10

Structure, Functions and Properties of Immune Cells – Stem cell, T cell, B cell, NK cell, Macrophage, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Basophil, Mast cell, Dendritic cell; and Immune Organs – Bone Marrow, Thymus, Lymph Node, Spleen.

Unit 3. Antigens and Antibodies No. of hours:10

Antigens: Characteristics of an antigen (Foreignness, Molecular size and Heterogeneity); Haptens; Epitopes (T& B cell epitopes); T-dependent and T-independent antigens; Adjuvants.

Antibodies: Structure, Types, Functions and Properties of antibodies; Antigenic determinants on antibodies (Isotypic, allotypic, idiotypic); Monoclonal and Chimeric antibodies.

Unit 4. Major Histocompatibility Complex No. of hours:5

Structure and Functions of MHC I & II molecules; Antigen processing and presentation (Cytosolic and Endocytic pathways).

Unit 5.Complement System No. of hours:4

Components of the Complement system; Activation pathways (Classical, Alternative and Lectin pathways); Biological consequences of complement Activation.

Unit 6. Generation of Immune ResponseNo. of hours:10

Primary and Secondary Immune Response; Generation of Humoral Immune Response (Plasma and Memory cells); Generation of Cell Mediated Immune Response (Self MHC restriction,

T cell activation, Co- stimulatory signals); Killing Mechanisms by CTL and NK cells.

Unit 7. Immunological Disorders and Tumour Immunity No. of hours:8

Types of Autoimmunity and Hypersensitivity with examples, DiGeorge syndrome, Chediak- Higashi syndrome, Types of tumours, tumour Antigens, causes and therapy for cancers.

Unit 8. Immunological Techniques No. of hours:6

Principles of Precipitation, Agglutination, Immunodiffusion, Immunoelectrophoresis, ELISA, Immunoassay.

SUGGESTED READING

1. Kuby’s Immunology. 6th edition W.H. Freeman and Company, New York.

2. Abbas AK, Lichtman AH, Pillai S. (2007). Cellular and Molecular Immunology. 6th edition Saunders Publication, Philadelphia.

3. Richard C and Geiffrey S. (2009). Immunology. 6th edition. Wiley Blackwell Publication

4. Delves P, Martin S, Burton D, Roitt IM. (2006). Roitt’s Essential Immunology.11th edition Wiley-Blackwell Scientific Publication, Oxford.

5. Murphy K, Travers P, Walport M. (2008). Janeway’s Immunobiology. 7th edition Garland Science Publishers, New York.

6. Peakman M, and Vergani D. (2009). Basic and Clinical Immunology. 2nd edition Churchill Livingstone Publishers, Edinberg.

COURSE TITLE: IMMUNOLOGY (PRACTICALS)

TOTAL HOURS: 60 CREDITS:2

1. Identification of human blood groups. (Slide agglutination method)
2. Perform DOT ELISA.
3. WIDAL test (rapid slide test)
4. Perform Immunodiffusion by Ouchterlony diffusion method.
5. Total Leukocyte count of the given blood sample. (Only demonstration)